| Author and Citation | Problem | Purpose | Sample | Data Collection/ Method | Conclusions |
| 1. Kutylowksi, Julie MS, RD, CNSC; Yahia, Najat PhD, RD, LD Types, Frequency, Duration, and Dosage of Probiotics to Prevent Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants Among Countries, Advances in Neonatal Care: June 2019 – Volume 19 – Issue 3 – p 188-197
doi: 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000605 |
Probiotic use in the NICU has been linked to reduced rates of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants. | To provide an overview of the current practices of using probiotics in preterm infants for the prevention of NEC in the NICU in preselected countries. | Studies involving preterm infants using probiotics in the NICU, reporting on the impact of probiotic use on the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis, published within the last 10 years and in English language | A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed and clinicaltrials.gov. Also, studies from 2 recent meta analyses on the topic were reviewed for inclusion. | Twenty-three studies were selected. The most common types of probiotics used were bifidobacteriuminfantis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. |
| 2. Naberhuis, Jane PhD; Wetzel, Christine MSN, RN, IBCLC; Tappenden, Kelly A. PhD, RD, FASPEN A Novel Neonatal Feeding Intolerance and Necrotizing Enterocolitis Risk–Scoring Tool Is Easy to Use and Valued by Nursing Staff, Advances in Neonatal Care: June 2016 – Volume 16 – Issue 3 – p 239-244 doi: 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000250 | Preterm infants are at increased risk of developing feeding intolerance and necrotizing enterocolitis. | While the long term goal is to develop a validated risk scoring tool for the prediction of feeding intolerance and necrotizing enterocolitis, the objective of the preliminary phase presented here is to assess the ease of use and nurses’ attitudes toward a novel feeding intolerance and necrotizing enterocolitisrisk scoring tool. | EMR of all preterm infants with parental consent during the initial 6 month study period | A novel risk scoring nursing tool was implemented in a University of Illinois affiliated 48 bed level III NICU. | Fourteen nurses scored 166 tools on the 63 enrolled infants. |
| 3. Gephart, Sheila M. PhD, RN; Fleiner, Michelle DNP, RNC-NIC, CCNS; Kijewski, Amy FNP-BC, DNP The ConNECtion Between Abdominal Signs and Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Infants 501 to 1500 g, Advances in Neonatal Care: February 2017 – Volume 17 – Issue 1 – p 53-64doi: 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000345 | Necrotizing enterocolitis can become severe quickly, making early recognition a priority and understanding the occurrence of abdominal and clinical signs of impending NEC important | To examine relationships of abdominal signs up to 36 hours before diagnosis of NEC within subgroups treated medically, surgically, or those who died. | Sampling infants from 3 NICUs in the same Southwest United States health system, we conducted a 2:1 matched case control study of infants born weighing 501-1500 g to identify abdominal signs before the onset of NEC and compare to matched controls. | A 3 site, descriptive correlational case control design with retrospective data collection was used matching each NEC case to 2 controls | NEC cases were exposed to less human milk and fed later. Among them, 61% had at least 2 abdominal sign 36 hours before diagnosis, with few numbers having 2. |
| 4. Gadepalli, Samir K. MD, MBA; Canvasser, Jennifer MSW; Eskenazi, Yael BSN, RN; Quinn, Megan BSN, RN; Kim, Jae H. MD, PhD; Gephart, Sheila M. RN, PhD Roles and Experiences of Parents in Necrotizing Enterocolitis, Advances in Neonatal Care: December 2017 – Volume 17 – Issue 6 – p 489-498doi: 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000438 | Although partnering with parents is important to improving neonatal outcomes, no studies have investigated what parents are taught, remember, or experience when their child is affected with NEC | To characterize parental perceptions of communication and support they were given about NEC | The parents who responded was primarily female, college educated, Caucasian, and in their 30s. | An online survey was developed, reviewed for face validity, and then administered to parents whose child had experienced NEC. | Parents wanted to know the risk factors and warning signs for NEC and wanted to be told as soon as their child was admitted to the NICU. |
| 5.Cohen, Morris MBBCh; Steffen, Eileen RN; Axelrod, Randi MD; Patel, Shalini N. MD; Toczylowski, Krystyna MSN, RN; Perdon, Christine BSN, RN; Brown, David MD; Kaliappan, Sankar MBBS; Myers, Michael PhD Availability of Donor Human Milk Decreases the Incidence of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in VLBW Infants, Advances in Neonatal Care: December 10, 2020 – Volume Publish Ahead of Print – Issue doi: 10.1097/ANC.0000000000000804 | Human milk feeding is associated with decreased risk of NEC | To determine whether a quality improvement project in New Jersey NICU to promote human milk feedings would be associated with a decrease in NEC | 14 New Jersey NICUs | Fourteen New Jersey NICUs engaged in efforts to reduce infection and promote HM feeding in VLBW infants. | From 2009 to 2016, NICUs with donor human milk increased from 0 to 7. VLBW infants discharged on any HM increased from 35% in 2007 before the formation of the New Jersey NICU collaborative in more than 55% in 2016. |
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