Annotated Bibliography
HAGGARD, S., & LINDSAY, J. R. (2015). North Korea and the Sony Hack: Exporting Instability through Cyberspace. Asia Pacific Issues, 117, 18. http://vlib.excelsior.edu/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=asn&AN=103155016&site=eds-live&scope=site
According to the author’s research (2015), at the west center, the article on the analysis of North Korea and Sony hacks; exporting instability through cyberspace explains the relation between the and the released movie the interview. The article raises the efficiency of deterrence of cyberspace and the amendment protection of networking values and the ‘s responsibility to protect private networks. These networks’ interferences resulted in cyber-attacks that the United States strongly believed were caused by the Korean republic. All this activity has resulted in a paradox of stability- instability as the US holds that North Korea is only targeting corporations on the . Thus extending the difference into cyberspace. With the article’s analysis, it is clear that it is not easy to deter all forms of cyber harassment, but policies and regulations can change the thresholds of ambiguity.
Sharp, T. (2017). Theorizing cyber coercion: The 2014 North Korean operation against Sony. Journal of Strategic Studies, 40(7), 898926. https://doi.org/10.1080/01402390.2017.1307741
The authors research (2015) at the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, Princeton University, Princeton, on the article Theorizing cyber coercion: The 2014 North Korean operation against Sony challenges the existing wisdom about cyber operations having little coercive values. Cyber operation contributes coercion immensely through cost imposition and reducing the stability of the opponent leadership. The article explains the cost implication to Sony in the 2014 North Korean cyber operation. Strategic analysis in the Sony case featuring North Korea indicates a lack of persuasiveness. Therefore, the ability to impose cost and destabilizing the leaders bring a significant coercive effect. For successive coercion, there is a need for credibility and willingness to carry out the threat. The article argues that cyber operation is attempting to bring coercion, but they cannot generate credibility if not constituted. Therefore, shaping global reactions towards cyber threats is an essential priority for the United States and other countries. Policymakers need to explain the need for cyber coercion and the future settlement to avoid adversaries.
Shaw, T.,& Jenkins, T. (2017). An Act of War? The Interview Affair, the Sony Hack, and the HollywoodWashington Power Nexus Today. Journal of American Studies, 53(1), 127. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0021875817000512
The author’s research at Cambridge University about an article act of war? The interview affair, the Sony hack, and the Hollywood- Washington power nexus today are vital in understanding the balance between company sovereignty and how it impact commercialization. The hypothesis covered in Tony Shaw and Tricia Jenkins’s article explains filming as propaganda between the United States and North Korea on their previous wars. The Hollywood comedy the interview 2014 is just much than meets the eye. Using the details in the courtesy of Sony hack, there is a revelation of the link between the united states and Sony executives; this explains the existing imbalance organizations face when trying to go further from political influence and balancing global markets. The main problem addressed here is companies’ autonomy from any party against another in a diplomatic way to solve the conflict. For instance, Sony distorted the global market relationship with North Korea, resulting in losses in their net sale. Ending politicized movies such as the interview will help create healthy relations among countries.
Sullivan, C. (2016). The 2014 Sony hack and the role of international law. Journal of National Security Law & Policy, 8(3), 1-27. Retrieved from https://www-proquest-com.vlib.excelsior.edu/scholarly-journals/2014-sony-hack-role-international-law/docview/1831706260/se-2?accountid=134966
The author’s research at the Center on National Security and the Law, Georgetown University Law Center, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA. The hypothesis is about the 2014 Sony hacks and the role of international law. The interview was done by Clare Sullivan concerning the increased number of hacks reported by the United States government and the United States Corporation ranging from communications to money and banking, by outlining the effects of cyber-attacks. The baseline of all this was the hack of the Sony entertainment unit. The hack inflicted a lot of damage to the corporation’s image and inflicted a lot of loss. The most interesting matter of concern was the United States analysis, and the wrong, which they imposed on the republic of Korea, was that it was behind the Sony hack. The whole issue here is governed by international law. Therefore, the the argument that North Korea is responsible for the entire situation and a national sovereignty breach. The way this hack of Sony occurred, according to this article, raises the question of whether this cyber operation might be the great awakening of the modern war. The author suggests that proper assessment be done to curb this war before it explodes.
VanDerWerff, E., & Lee, T. B. (2015, June 3). The 2014 Sony hacks, explained. Vox. https://www.vox.
The author’s interview with VOXYMEDIA, LLC, updated on June 3, 2015, used data from Sony pictures entertainment to provide the hypothesis underlying the late November 2014 Sony hack by a group of hackers widely known as the Guardians of peace. These hackers working closely with North Korea and stole a vast amount of data from the Sony networks. The hackers went a further mile when they threaten to commit terrorism against movie theaters demanding Sony to end The Interview release. The movie was a comedy about two Americans who killed a North Korean leader. Various prominent people making Sony shelve this movie criticized the movie. However, the United States government claims that they possess strong evidence about North Korea being responsible for the attack. Still, they denied it, and the FBI did not have strong evidence. The Sony hack blasted most actors who were in the play. The situation behind this attack goes beyond the interview. Everyone feels like Sony should have done something to handle the situation before ending the loss they incurred. The website is peer-reviewed and approved.
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