Aristotles Views
On Virtue
Isaac Shah
Who is Aristotle?
Aristotle (384- 322 B.C), a Greek philosopher
known in history as one of the most important
thinkers of our time. Also a former student of
another famous philosopher, Plato. Aristotle was
his most gifted student this led to the result of
his love for learning. Aristotle dedicated his life
to knowledge along with the teaching of others,
and writing various things. He impacted a great
number of branches in knowledge ranging from
biology, mathematics, ethics, politics,
aesthetics, and many more. One of the most
important parts is in his views on the way we
reason as humans along with happiness. With his
passion to learn along with teaching, he opened
an academy called the Lyceum in Athens,
Greece where he spent some time at until the
death of Alexander the Great where he then
fled to Chalcis, Greece until passing in 322 B.C.
What is virtue?
Virtue is the morals and examples of showing
good behavior from any individual. This word
is defined by the behavior of showing high
moral standards. In our world, virtue is
important to every individual due to the fact
that this represents a way to achieve
happiness. When it comes to virtue there are
certain actions that are used to reach moral
excellence or standards as defined. An
individual must do the following basic things:
ask the right questions, respond correctly to
the situation with the right amount of
knowledge, have the commitment and
determination to the event. This is why its
the way of understanding how to live a life of
moral character. These are the
characteristics of an individual that can be
shown. As with Aristotle, his views differed
from various philosophers even those of
Plato. Plato believed balance was the key to
this theory.
Aristotles & Virtue
When the discussion of virtue comes into the conversation,
it varies in philosophers thinking as many had different
perspectives. Aristotle explains his view on virtues in a
simple manner. When thinking of virtues, we think of
happiness in the human life. Human life can achieve this
happiness from having a moral excellent character. Aristotle
explains that in order for a character to achieve this you
must show a balance between the vices. The balance is the
virtue of the two. Having a balance can guarantee this path
to human happiness. Reaching the golden mean or balance
in these virtues are what creates the moral character that
reaches happiness. Too much or too less can lead to a
characters own sabotage to reaching the goal.
Aristotles Vices
With Aristotle’s views on virtue
came vices as well. In the chart
the first one is courage/ brave.
This is the mean between the vice
of excess, and vice of deficient.
Having too much courage means
youre too rash as having little
courage means you are a coward.
This was made to explain that we
must develop a virtuous habit that
can control our desire of nature of
our minds. The virtues explained in
the chart as said before are the
golden mean between two vicious
habits that we can help us along
with our practical knowledge to
reach happiness or pleasure.
Aristotle & Virtue
Aristotles understanding of virtue, and ethics is Cont.
quite simpler when looking at his theory with
vices and traits. He states that everyone has a
function and with that given function to their
lives is the path to achieving virtue. He believed
that too much of something or too little wasnt
going to help a moral excellent character. He
wants us as humans to act virtuous thus he
creates the virtues along with vices. This
meaning a person knows when and how to act
during any situation at any given time. This
helps him reach another core belief of pleasure
which are to act as the mean between vices. In
this case, he wanted us to feel pleasure and the
least amount of pain as he states in his writings.
This was his statement that human virtue comes
from happiness achieved from an individuals
life. Thus, to achieve this is to act right in all
situations as someone who is virtuous would. He
states that our purpose as human is to achieve
happiness at the end of our existence.
Nicomachean Ethics
A book published by Aristotle on the idea of
happiness. In his writings, he speculates that all
humans actions should have the goal that we
consider good for the end. He states that good is
happiness thus humans are aiming for happiness
at the end of their lives. According to Aristotle,
we must live a life in relation to the correct
virtues he has had stated. A virtuous person is
described to be naturally known how to behave
in the right ways, with the correct reasons, and
in the end feel happiness for behaving morally
good. With virtue being the golden mean
between two vices or vicious habits of our
nature, we must learn to establish our own mean
in virtue as it varies from individual due to
personalities. He explains that for example that
courage is being brave in the area of fear. He also
states that when being social with others as he
has previously states that humans are sociable
animals. Three social virtues are amiability,
sincerity, and wit. These can help us interact to
keep good conversation with others.
Nicomachean Ethics
(Cont.)
Three kinds of friendships he explains are
friendships based on pleasure, utility, and
virtue. He explains that a perfect friendship is
one of the virtues he discusses on good.
Friendship based on virtue is when you
genuinely have a friendship based on similar
virtues you have with the individual. The
other two are what Artistole labeled as
imperfect friendships. The first based on
pleasure is when you find pleasure in the
person and their company. Utility is different.
Its based on how useful you think an
individual is to you. He used this opinion on
friendships as it became important later on.
He believed with true friendships, they hold
each other responsible for their actions.
Friends watch each other in which this helps
improve both of the individuals improve
themselves.
Impact on modern
society
Aristotle’s views on virtue and friendship still apply to
modern society. With his theory of how virtue and friendships
play a role together, there were two forms of friendships
utility, and pleasure. In our modern society, we build
relationships with people based on both of these forms of
reason. Regardless of what people say, there are both
friendships based on similar virtues, and utility. In example,
those who build friendships in college as utility especially
when it comes to studying and trying to pass the class. This
is utility because you can utility these friendships to your
advantage to help better your understand of the class along
with receive the grades you desire. The other form based on
pleasure or similar virtues is of those who build friendships
based on interests. For example, My best friend and I. We
built our friendships based on the same virtues we had on
the way we think and react. My best friend is shy just like
me; however, we know when being shy is to excessive along
with being to straightforward. We bring out the best in each
other as well as Aristotle has explained. I am less emotional
as my best friend is more emotional. We improve ourselves
as we help each other learn to be more things.
Impact on modern
society
Another impact on modern society would be how he
created the perspective on his moral character. He
influenced us in many ways as a society on how we use
these virtues. An example would be, witnessing a crime
and trying to do the moral correct idea. Instead of
running away or trying to stop the crime yourself in which
both would be vices. A golden mean or virtue would be to
call the law enforcement to handle the situation. This is a
much better solution. Another example would be how we
use our reason everyday. Our practical skills are what he
discusses as well when we are deciding each and every
minute of how we chose to represent ourselves. In order
to do good, we must truly believe we are virtuous. There
are situations where your virtue is constantly being used
as you the individual determines whether you are using
the mean between the vices.
Quote
This is a great quote because of how he explains we have
choices on how we achieve excellence. We have the choices
to make what we want happen. We must grow our knowledge
as achieving excellence doesnt just happen on accident. We
have our reason as humans are one of the only animals with
the ability. Our choices lead us onto a path that takes us to
happiness. Thus we determine our own destiny with the
choices we make each and every day.
Work cited
Aristotle. Pursuit of Happiness,
https://www.pursuit-of-happiness.org/history-of-happiness/aristotle/.
Benjamin, Tomas. Aristotle’s Secret to Happiness: What Will Make Us Happy
Now? – Macat – Critical Thinking Tools. Macat, Macat – Critical Thinking
Tools, 20 May 2017,
https://www.macat.com/blog/2017/5/20/aristotles-secret-to-happiness-wh
at-will-make-us-happy-now
.
Hendricks, Scotty. How to Be Happy: Aristotle’s 11 Guidelines for a Good
Life. Big Think, Big Think, 5 Oct. 2018,
https://bigthink.com/scotty-hendricks/aristotles-11-guidelines-for-living-agood-life
.
History.com Editors. Aristotle. History.com, A&E Television Networks, 9
Nov. 2009, https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/aristotle.
Kemerling, Garth. Aristotle: Ethics,
http://www.philosophypages..htm.
Kraut, Richard. Aristotle’s Ethics. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,
Stanford University, 15 June 2018,
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/aristotle-ethics/.
Work Cited
Philosophy of Mind. Encyclopdia Britannica, Encyclopdia
Britannica, Inc.,
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Aristotle/Philosophy-ofmind
.
Riederer. Plato and Aristotle’s Virtuous Person Ideology and Its
Influence in . Owlcation, Owlcation, 5 Nov. 2017,
https://owlcation.
.
The University of Tennessee at Martin,
https://www.utm.edu/staff/jfieser/class/300/virtues.htm.
12 Virtues Introduced by Aristotle the Master of Those Who
Know. Aesthetichealingmindset’s Blog, 12 June 2011,
https://aesthetichealingmindset.wordpress.com/2011/06/12/470
6/
.
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